ResearchResearch paperTraining & Scaling1 source · Oct 8, 2026

SCORE: Spectral Correlation Estimation for Multivariate Gaussians

Neural network-based predictive modeling with high-dimensional structured Gaussian targets requires an efficient and numerically stable, yet expressive approximation of the covariance matrix.

Key points

  • We propose SCORE: a scalable framework, combining scoring rule training with an expressive covariance approximation learned in spectral space.
  • For $d$-dimensional data, the learning task is decomposed into learning the marginal distributions and learning a structured correlation matrix, which enables dense dependencies with linear storage and $\mathcal{O}(d\log d)$ cost.
  • We utilize the closed form Gaussian kernel score for training, which remains defined even for degenerate covariances and admits bounded gradients during optimization.
  • We evaluate our model on a variety of tasks with a commonly assumed Gaussian domain: Time-series forecasting, monocular depth estimation, and spatial weather prediction, showing improved performance at lower computational cost.

Sources (1)

  • [1]SCORE: Spectral Correlation Estimation for Multivariate Gaussians
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 8, 03:01 PM
    Neural network-based predictive modeling with high-dimensional structured Gaussian targets requires an efficient and numerically stable, yet expressive approximation of the covariance matrix.
    We propose SCORE: a scalable framework, combining scoring rule training with an expressive covariance approximation learned in spectral space.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

Related