ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Efficiency & Inference · Training & Scaling1 source · Oct 8, 2026

Scalable Hierarchical Graph Generation via Soft Community Structure

We present Schema, which recursively decomposes a reference graph into a hierarchy of soft communities, assigning each node a membership distribution.

Key points

  • Generating large attributed graphs requires reproducing the topology, generating attributes jointly with the structure, and remaining scalable.
  • Many real-world graphs exist as a single large graph, so a generative model has to generalize from the one graph it is fit on, without independent samples.
  • Generation is then split into three stages, each trained independently: (1) synthesizing node attributes conditioned on soft memberships, (2) generating intra-community edges from local structural context, and (3) modeling inter-community connections over bridge nodes whose membership mass is distributed across several communities.
  • We also introduce an evaluation protocol that covers structural fidelity, memorization, downstream utility, and scalability.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Scalable Hierarchical Graph Generation via Soft Community Structure
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 8, 03:39 PM
    We present Schema, which recursively decomposes a reference graph into a hierarchy of soft communities, assigning each node a membership distribution.
    Generating large attributed graphs requires reproducing the topology, generating attributes jointly with the structure, and remaining scalable.

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