ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models1 source · Oct 6, 2026

Language Carries the Expert's Impression: Instrument-Anchored LLM Judges Transfer Counseling-Quality Assessment and Beat In-Domain Training

Automatic assessment of communication quality in dyadic counseling conversations is bottlenecked by data: expert-rated corpora are small and expensive to grow.

Key points

  • We study cross-domain transfer of expert overall-impression prediction across three German corpora of simulated counseling (two general-practice medical, one school-related parent-teacher; $n=195$ expert-rated sessions, one corpus after scale equating).
  • Training on the other domains beats training in-domain: leave-one-domain-out transfer reaches nested Spearman $ρ= 0.54$ against $\le 0.48$ within the target domain, a paired session-level gap of $+0.15$ that holds at $+0.12$ when the training-set sizes are matched, so it is not simply data volume.
  • We also price the recording setup: one corpus lost its per-speaker audio, 16% of its diarised segments carry the wrong speaker, and repair is worth $+0.07$ there.
  • At practically attainable corpus sizes, the expert's overall impression is carried by what is said, and by other communication programs' data more than by one's own.

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