ResearchResearch paperRobotics & Embodied AI · Reinforcement Learning1 source · Oct 6, 2026

HULK: Learning Whole-Body Forceful Loco-Manipulation for Humanoids

We present HULK, a whole-body control framework for forceful loco-manipulation.

Key points

  • Humanoid loco-manipulation of large, heavy objects demands forceful interaction across the entire body.
  • However, such payloads shift a humanoid's center of mass and impose sustained loads across the upper body, challenging balance and command tracking.
  • Using model predictive control (MPC) to guide reinforcement learning with predictions of the loaded dynamics, we train two teachers: one tracks arm motions under wrist forces, and the other locomotes while holding large objects against the body.
  • A capture-point control barrier function augments the wrist-force teacher during training to improve balance under load.

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