ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Training & Scaling1 source · Oct 7, 2026

Sequential Pretraining Favors Large Models

Does this stem from large models learning more representative features, or from being more robust to unaccounted-for adverse effects introduced during training?

Key points

  • Large neural networks often acquire capabilities that small models fail to learn.
  • We define and quantify one such adverse effect, primacy bias, as the extent to which exposure to early data distributions impairs later learning.
  • We show that small models can allocate learning capacity inefficiently toward early distributions, whereas sufficiently overparameterized models are robust to this effect.
  • Motivated by these findings, we introduce Exposure Therapy (ET), a simple regularization that promotes more efficient allocation of learning capacity during sequential pretraining.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Sequential Pretraining Favors Large Models
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 7, 07:54 AM
    Does this stem from large models learning more representative features, or from being more robust to unaccounted-for adverse effects introduced during training?
    Large neural networks often acquire capabilities that small models fail to learn.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.

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