ResearchResearch paperComputer Vision · Image, Video & 3D Generation1 source · Oct 7, 2026

DeepTopoClustering: Unsupervised Derivation of Surface Process Taxonomy from 4D Point Clouds for Topographic Monitoring

4D point clouds acquired by permanent laser scanning (PLS) enable accurate high-frequency monitoring of surface change in dynamic topographic environments.

Key points

  • We propose DeepTopoClustering (DTC), an unsupervised framework for deriving a hierarchical process taxonomy from object-based surface activities, so-called 4D objects-by-change (4D-OBCs).
  • We transform each 4D-OBC into a GeoMorphogram, a distributional sequence representing the temporal evolution of topographic change within a spatially bounded surface activity.
  • We evaluate the learned hierarchy using expert annotations on two 4D datasets of sandy beach sites and their combination.
  • DTC thus provides a scalable and interpretable route from 4D change detection to a data-driven, expert-supported surface process taxonomy, advancing automated knowledge derivation for understanding surface dynamics in topographic monitoring.

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