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Research paperInterpretability · Large Language Models · Reinforcement Learning1 source · Oct 7, 2026

OrthoGen: A Generative Orthogonal Learner for Time-Varying Treatments

Estimating conditional distributional potential outcomes (CDPOs) over time is important in medicine (e.g., to estimate patient-specific risks under different treatment sequences).

Key points

  • In this paper, we aim to learn CDPOs under time-varying treatments using flexible generative models.
  • (1) We introduce a tailored adjustment strategy for our setting, namely, generative recursive g-computation.
  • (2) We thus introduce OrthoGen, a Neyman-orthogonal and doubly robust generative learner.
  • Across experiments with synthetic, semi-synthetic and real-world datasets, we find that OrthoGen is highly effective.

Sources (1)

  • [1]OrthoGen: A Generative Orthogonal Learner for Time-Varying Treatments
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 7, 03:07 PM
    Estimating conditional distributional potential outcomes (CDPOs) over time is important in medicine (e.g., to estimate patient-specific risks under different treatment sequences).
    In this paper, we aim to learn CDPOs under time-varying treatments using flexible generative models.

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