AION
Research paperAgents & Tool Use · Reasoning & Planning1 source · Oct 1, 2026

Inherit-MAS: Test-Time Evolution of Multi-Agent Systems through Workflow and Execution Inheritance

Inspired by the interplay of inheritance and selection in biological evolution, we introduce Inherit-MAS, which makes inheritance explicit at the workflow and execution levels.

Key points

  • Multi-agent systems (MAS) built from large language models coordinate specialized agents to tackle complex tasks, but effective workflows are difficult to design in advance.
  • Test-time evolution refines workflows using execution feedback, yet broad revisions can disturb useful components, while re-executing unchanged requests can incur redundant computation.
  • When the new candidate executes, execution inheritance inherits eligible stored results only if the complete resolved request and execution context match, avoiding redundant model and tool calls.
  • Compared with rerunning the same controller with execution inheritance disabled, execution inheritance reduces worker-token usage by 29.1\% on WorkBench and 34.6\% on HotpotQA, and total token usage by 5.3\% and 18.1\%.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Inherit-MAS: Test-Time Evolution of Multi-Agent Systems through Workflow and Execution Inheritance
    Hugging Face Daily Papers · Oct 1, 12:00 AM
    Inspired by the interplay of inheritance and selection in biological evolution, we introduce Inherit-MAS, which makes inheritance explicit at the workflow and execution levels.
    Multi-agent systems (MAS) built from large language models coordinate specialized agents to tackle complex tasks, but effective workflows are difficult to design in advance.

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