ResearchResearch paperRobotics & Embodied AI · Safety & Alignment1 source · Oct 6, 2026

CUSP: CUSUM-Governed Survival Hazard Alarms at the Perception Onset for Off-Road Navigation

To address this problem, we introduce CUSP (CUSUM-governed Survival model of the Perception onset), a model-agnostic runtime hazard alarm that learns this moment from intervention-terminated logs.

Key points

  • Off-road navigation exposes a robot to potentially hazardous terrain en route.
  • Although learning-based navigation uses safety supervision to choose which path to drive, it provides no runtime alarm when the robot following that path is heading into danger.
  • "Cusp" is a word for the point at which one state is about to turn into another, and the moment we target is exactly such a cusp: the point at which safe driving turns unsafe in a human's judgment.
  • A visual hazard head is trained on the annotated onset with a discrete-time survival objective so that driving with and without an onset both supervise the head, and a CUSUM accumulates the predicted onset risk into alarms.

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