ResearchResearch paperMultimodal Models · Efficiency & Inference · Computer Vision1 source · Oct 9, 2026

Neurons++: A Unified Visual-Stream Framework for Image and Video Reconstruction from fMRI with Neural-to-Visual Interpretability

In this work, we propose Neurons++, a visual-stream fMRI reconstruction framework for both static image and dynamic video reconstruction.

Key points

  • Decoding visual experience from fMRI is important for understanding human perception and developing brain-computer interfaces.
  • Recent generative decoding methods can reconstruct plausible images and videos, but visual plausibility alone does not ensure that the output is faithfully grounded in brain activity.
  • Compared with our conference version Neurons, Neurons++ extends the paradigm from video-only reconstruction to visual-stream reconstruction for both images and videos, and replaces parallel task conditioning with serial cortex-inspired decoding.
  • Beyond reconstruction fidelity, neural-to-visual analyses indicate that Neurons++ exhibits qualitative directional controllability under neural perturbation, that its fMRI encoder read-out is sensitive to stimulus-relevant cortical features, and that it supports ROI-guided semantic modulation.

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