AION
Research paperEfficiency & Inference2 sources · Oct 8, 2026

TokenRouter: Efficient Serving System for Token-Level LLM Routing

Large language model (LLM) routing distributes inference work across different models, advancing the cost-quality Pareto frontier of LLM serving.

Key points

  • While coarse-grained routing at the session or query level has been widely adopted in production systems, recent algorithmic work shows that fine-grained token-level routing can yield substantial efficiency and quality gains.
  • To address these challenges, we design TokenRouter, an efficient and developer-friendly serving system for token-level routed LLM inference.
  • TokenRouter follows the principle of request-centric programming, model-centric execution: developers describe routing logic from the perspective of a single request, while the runtime launches a subserver for each LLM and dispatches requests asynchronously.
  • Across diverse routing algorithms, workloads, and model pairs, TokenRouter achieves 2.01-64.15x higher decoding throughput than existing systems, substantially advancing the serving efficiency of token-level LLM routing.

Sources (2)

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