ResearchResearch paperEfficiency & Inference · Training & Scaling1 source · Oct 8, 2026

Accelerating Non-Smooth and Heavy-Tailed Sampling

In this paper, we propose and study non-reversible anchored Langevin dynamics (NALD) for sampling possibly non-differentiable and heavy-tailed target density in the Euclidean space and the non-reversible reflected anchored Langevin dynamics (NRALD) for sampling possibly non-differentiable target density in the constrained space.

Key points

  • Anchored Langevin dynamics (ALD) is useful for non-smooth sampling where the density of the target distribution is possibly non-differentiable and heavy-tailed; reflected anchored Langevin dynamics (RALD) can sample possibly non-differentiable target density on a constrained domain.
  • Our construction adds a circulation drift generated by a possibly state-dependent divergence-free skew-symmetric matrix field and a stream potential.
  • It preserves the target distribution without requiring derivatives of target density, admits a random-time-change representation, and applies both on the whole Euclidean space and on bounded domains with normal reflection.
  • By breaking reversibility, we show that NALD and NRALD can converge to their target distributions faster than their reversible counterparts via finite-time non-asymptotic convergence analysis, a large deviations analysis and asymptotic variance reduction.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Accelerating Non-Smooth and Heavy-Tailed Sampling
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 8, 03:06 AM
    In this paper, we propose and study non-reversible anchored Langevin dynamics (NALD) for sampling possibly non-differentiable and heavy-tailed target density in the Euclidean space and the non-reversible reflected anchored Langevin dynamics (NRALD) for sampling possibly non-differentiable target density in the constrained space.
    Anchored Langevin dynamics (ALD) is useful for non-smooth sampling where the density of the target distribution is possibly non-differentiable and heavy-tailed; reflected anchored Langevin dynamics (RALD) can sample possibly non-differentiable target density on a constrained domain.

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