AION
Research paperImage, Video & 3D Generation · Interpretability1 source · Oct 8, 2026

Attributing HOW, Not Just WHICH: Counterfactual Response Trajectories for Diffusion Models

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image generation, yet tracing their outputs to individual training examples remains challenging.

Key points

  • We therefore reformulate diffusion data attribution as attributing factor-induced internal response trajectories.
  • In this paper, we propose a novel Concept Attribution method through Dynamic Trajectories(CADT).
  • Specifically, we construct matched counterfactual pairs at identical noisy states to isolate factor-specific representation displacements, and model their directional and magnitude evolution across denoising as dynamic attribution signatures.
  • Experiments on multiple public datasets show consistent improvements over existing diffusion attribution baselines across hierarchical, compositional, and style attribution.

Sources (1)

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