ResearchResearch paperInterpretability · Efficiency & Inference1 source · Oct 8, 2026

Residual spectral instabilities in representation learning

Learned representations can lose latent degrees of freedom successively, suggesting a cascade of transitions whose underlying stability principle remains unclear.

Key points

  • Here we formulate dimension-wise posterior collapse in variational autoencoder (VAE) as a fluctuation theory around partially collapsed states.
  • We show that the collapsed directions form an invariant fluctuation sector and derive its exact mass spectrum in terms of a conditional residual operator.
  • Numerical continuation experiments show successive loss of latent dimensions near these spectral marginalities.
  • These results support a spectral cascade interpretation governed by residual information left unexplained by the surviving representation.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Residual spectral instabilities in representation learning
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 8, 05:09 AM
    Learned representations can lose latent degrees of freedom successively, suggesting a cascade of transitions whose underlying stability principle remains unclear.
    Here we formulate dimension-wise posterior collapse in variational autoencoder (VAE) as a fluctuation theory around partially collapsed states.

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