AION
Research paperLarge Language Models · Safety & Alignment · Reinforcement Learning1 source · Oct 8, 2026

Policy Alignment: New Signals for Membership Auditing in On-Policy Distillation

In this paper, we propose Policy Alignment Membership Auditing (PAMA), a new auditing framework tailored for OPD.

Key points

  • On-policy distillation (OPD) trains a student model by aligning its policy with a teacher model on trajectories generated by the student model itself.
  • Our key observation is that a member prompt directly contributes to the teacher-guided policy update, while a non-member prompt only experiences indirect effects through cross-prompt generalization.
  • Specifically, we introduce Teacher Alignment Gain (TAG) to estimate the teacher-aligned update direction from model outputs, and further combine it with student drift and uncertainty alignment signals for reliable membership auditing.
  • We evaluate PAMA on six datasets and three teacher-student model families.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Policy Alignment: New Signals for Membership Auditing in On-Policy Distillation
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 8, 07:48 AM
    In this paper, we propose Policy Alignment Membership Auditing (PAMA), a new auditing framework tailored for OPD.
    On-policy distillation (OPD) trains a student model by aligning its policy with a teacher model on trajectories generated by the student model itself.

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.