AION
Research paperLarge Language Models1 source · Oct 8, 2026

Large Language Model Turnover Undermines Screening for Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Scientific Writing

Journals and conferences have begun to screen submitted manuscripts for text written using large language models (LLMs).

Key points

  • Here we quantify how this LLM turnover affects the screening of scientific manuscripts.
  • We paired 4,000 pre-ChatGPT abstracts from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences with their rewrites by 23 LLM versions from three vendors, released between June 2023 and August 2026.
  • Detectors trained only on a vendor's past versions can collapse at the boundaries between model generations: calibrated to falsely flag 1% of human-written abstracts, they catch above 99% of rewrites just before the sharpest boundary and 3.8% just after it.
  • Vocabulary differences between versions largely track where detection transfers and where it fails.

Sources (1)

Extractive summary: sentences quoted from the sources.