ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Reasoning & Planning · Robotics & Embodied AI1 source · Oct 8, 2026

Automated Assembly Instruction Generation from CAD Models Using Grounded Large Language Models: A Human-in-the-Loop Framework

This paper formulates CAD-grounded assembly instruction generation: the production of natural-language assembly procedures constrained by structured engineering information extracted from CAD models.

Key points

  • Assembly documentation is a downstream manufacturing artifact that is still usually authored by interpreting CAD models by hand.
  • Structured product data and large language models are both available, yet studies of CAD interpretation, assembly sequence planning, instruction writing, and human oversight have largely proceeded separately.
  • The proposed framework maps a STEP assembly to a typed ProductGraph intermediate representation, derives a precedence order by deterministic topological sorting, realizes each step as language conditioned only on selected graph context, attaches per-step visual documentation, and applies rule-based and model-assisted checks.
  • The contribution is an architecture that separates engineering state, deterministic reasoning, grounded language realization, verification, and human release.

Sources (1)

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