ResearchResearch paperRobotics & Embodied AI1 source · Oct 7, 2026

Contact-Aware Imitation Learning Through Contact Factorization

We introduce FACE, a contact-factorized imitation learning framework that separates intended task behavior from environment-dependent contact factors.

Key points

  • Generalizable contact-rich manipulation requires robots to preserve intended task behavior while adapting its physical realization to changing contact conditions.
  • Our representation expresses interaction forces in normalized, contact-relative coordinates, while a learned contact-normal estimator and an online friction estimator infer the local contact normal and effective friction scale.
  • In this way, FACE adapts execution to current contact conditions while preserving the intended task behavior, without updating the policy parameters.
  • We evaluate FACE on real-robot contact-rich manipulation under unseen variations in surface properties and geometry, demonstrating robust generalization across contact conditions through controlled comparisons with variants that adapt prior approaches to our setting.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Contact-Aware Imitation Learning Through Contact Factorization
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 7, 06:36 AM
    We introduce FACE, a contact-factorized imitation learning framework that separates intended task behavior from environment-dependent contact factors.
    Generalizable contact-rich manipulation requires robots to preserve intended task behavior while adapting its physical realization to changing contact conditions.

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