ResearchResearch paperComputer Vision · Multimodal Models1 source · Oct 7, 2026

MultiFly: A Real-World Multimodal Aerial Dataset with Annotation-Efficient Label Transfer and Cross-Modal Semantic Consistency

We introduce MultiFly, a real-world, low-altitude UAV dataset for semantic perception across RGB, thermal, LiDAR, and radar modalities.

Key points

  • MultiFly provides 17,272 synchronized samples from four suburban scenes with frame-wise annotations for 15 semantic classes, together with calibration and GNSS-RTK/IMU measurements.
  • To avoid costly and inconsistent modality-specific annotation, we propagate labels from only 115 manually annotated RGB images through shared geometric representations to all four modalities.
  • This approach generates semantic labels for 17,157 additional RGB images, 17,272 thermal images, 840M LiDAR points, and 3.4M radar points.
  • We further establish semantic segmentation benchmarks for all four modalities, revealing distinct architectural behavior for dense LiDAR and sparse radar data.

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