ResearchResearch paperLarge Language Models · Robotics & Embodied AI1 source · Oct 7, 2026

Learning infinite context windows in recurrent architectures via spatial neural computing

To address these limitations, we introduce a second-order recurrent model in which the standard neuron-to-neuron communication is replaced by a spatially evolving field governed by (discretized) partial differential equations.

Key points

  • Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) offer linear-time scaling with sequence length while requiring only constant memory, yet they struggle to capture long-range dependencies due to vanishing gradients and limited receptive fields.
  • Drawing inspiration from the role of cortical waves in brain computation, this mechanism allows structured spatiotemporal patterns to serve as an implicit, high-capacity memory.
  • We show that the resulting model is equivalent to a structured infinite-order RNN in which the current state depends explicitly on its entire history of past states, yielding an effectively unbounded receptive field with a fixed number of parameters.
  • Empirically, the proposed architecture outperforms other recurrent models on long-horizon benchmarks while using substantially fewer parameters, demonstrating that spatial dynamics can effectively bridge the gap between efficient inference and long-term memory.

Sources (1)

  • [1]Learning infinite context windows in recurrent architectures via spatial neural computing
    arXiv (AI, ML, NLP, CV, robotics, multi-agent) · Oct 7, 06:00 PM
    To address these limitations, we introduce a second-order recurrent model in which the standard neuron-to-neuron communication is replaced by a spatially evolving field governed by (discretized) partial differential equations.
    Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) offer linear-time scaling with sequence length while requiring only constant memory, yet they struggle to capture long-range dependencies due to vanishing gradients and limited receptive fields.

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